When viewing such a virtual image in the mirror, it would seem as though light is coming from a location 2.0 meters behind the mirror. So if a person stands 2.0 meters in front of the mirror, then the image will be located an identical 2.0 meters behind the mirror. The distance from the image to the mirror is always identical to the distance from the object to the mirror. Objects placed in front of plane mirrors will have a corresponding image located behind the mirror. Alternatively, you can try our video titled The Law of Reflection. A more detailed and exhaustive discussion of the law of reflection and associated terms can be found at The Physics Classroom Tutorial. According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Similarly, the angle between the reflected ray and the same normal line is known as the angle of reflection. The angle between the normal line and the approaching or incident ray is known as the angle of incidence. The normal line is the imaginary line that is perpendicular to the mirror at the point that the light ray strikes the mirror. In physics, the angles of approach are measured with respect to the normal line to the surface. The angle at which the light ray approaches the mirror surface is equal to the angle at which it departs from the mirror. Light rays follow a rather predictable pattern when it comes to reflection off a plane mirror surface. Problems range in difficulty from the very easy and straight-forward to the very difficult and complex. The problems target your ability to use the law of reflection, to understand the relationship between image distance and object distance for plane mirrors, and to use the mirror equation and magnification ratio to solve problems that relate object and image characteristics to the focal length of concave and convex mirrors. There are 15 ready-to-use problem sets on the topic of Reflection and Mirrors. Reflection and Mirrors: Problem Set Overview Transformations, and there are rules that transformations follow in coordinate geometry.Problem Sets || Overview of Physics || Legacy Problem Set In summary, a geometric transformation is how a shape moves on a plane or grid. If you have an isosceles triangle preimage with legs of 9 feet, and you apply a scale factor of 2 3 \frac 3 2 , the image will have legs of 6 feet. Mathematically, a shear looks like this, where m is the shear factor you wish to apply:ĭilating a polygon means repeating the original angles of a polygon and multiplying or dividing every side by a scale factor. Italic letters on a computer are examples of shear. Shearing a figure means fixing one line of the polygon and moving all the other points and lines in a particular direction, in proportion to their distance from the given, fixed-line. If the figure has a vertex at (-5, 4) and you are using the y-axis as the line of reflection, then the reflected vertex will be at (5, 4). Reflecting a polygon across a line of reflection means counting the distance of each vertex to the line, then counting that same distance away from the line in the other direction. To rotate 270°: (x, y)→ (y, −x) (multiply the x-value times -1 and switch the x- and y-values) To rotate 180°: (x, y)→(−x, −y) make(multiply both the y-value and x-value times -1) To rotate 90°: (x, y)→(−y, x) (multiply the y-value times -1 and switch the x- and y-values) Rotation using the coordinate grid is similarly easy using the x-axis and y-axis:
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